Face the facts: a characterisation of 2013–2025 UK motorcycle collisions, head impact locations and injury outcomes supporting facial impact testing.

Authors:

Baker, C, Wang, Z, Low, L, Ashworth, E, Wilson, M H, Sharp, D J, Lubbe, N, Meng, S, & Ghajari, M.

This study looked at real-world motorcycle crashes in Great Britain between 2013 and 2025 to better understand where riders’ helmets were hit and what kinds of head and face injuries occurred. Most riders in the study were wearing helmets, but head and facial injuries were still common. About one in three riders had a head injury, and around one in four had a traumatic brain injury. Many helmet impacts involved the face area, especially the upper face and chinbar, and these impacts were linked with serious injuries such as skull fractures and bleeding inside the head. The findings suggest that future helmet safety tests and ratings should put more emphasis on facial impacts, not just impacts to the top or sides of the head, so helmets can be designed to give better protection in crashes.